Home internet access by state: Census data for all 50 states
About 7.8% of US households have no internet subscription. This table shows the share in every state, with wired, cellular-only and satellite subscriptions, from Census data.
- Nationally, about 7.8% of households have no internet subscription and 76.3% have wired broadband.
- Mississippi has the largest share of households without a subscription (13.4%); Colorado has the smallest (5.4%).
- Cellular-only and satellite households are the groups most likely to be affected by data limits and delay.
- All numbers are survey estimates from the Census Bureau, shown unadjusted.
The short picture
Across the 50 states and the District of Columbia, about 7.8% of households have no internet subscription at all, based on the Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey. About 76.3% have a wired broadband subscription (cable, fiber or DSL), 11.9% rely on a cellular data plan alone, and 6.6% subscribe to satellite internet. These are household-weighted averages worked out from each state's own figures.
Where the most and fewest households are offline
Smallest share of households with no internet subscription: Colorado (5.4%), California (5.7%), Washington (5.7%), Utah (5.8%), Nevada (5.9%).
Largest share of households with no internet subscription: Mississippi (13.4%), West Virginia (12.9%), Louisiana (11.9%), Arkansas (11.5%), New Mexico (11.2%).
The gap between the two ends is 8.0 percentage points. A state's number says how many households aren't subscribed, not why. Cost, age, rural distance and the choice not to subscribe all play a part.
Phone data only, and satellite
Households that use a cellular data plan as their only internet are most common in Alaska (16.4%), Mississippi (15.9%), Oklahoma (15.4%), Louisiana (15.3%), Arkansas (14.5%). Satellite subscriptions are most common in Idaho (11.5%), Wyoming (11.3%), Montana (11.0%), New Mexico (9.5%), Mississippi (8.9%), which fits what the rural guide describes: satellite is often the connection of last resort where wired lines don't reach.
All states, side by side
Share of households in each state. Where our call line covers enough ZIP codes in a state, the state name links to its page, which adds the covered cities and a ZIP check.
| State | Households | Any internet subscription | Wired broadband | Cellular data only | Satellite | No internet subscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 2,051,545.0 | 89.5% | 70.5% | 14.0% | 8.5% | 10.5% |
| Alaska | 276,852.0 | 93.2% | 70.6% | 16.4% | 8.3% | 6.8% |
| Arizona | 2,907,014.0 | 92.5% | 75.8% | 11.7% | 7.9% | 7.5% |
| Arkansas | 1,232,871.0 | 88.5% | 68.9% | 14.5% | 7.2% | 11.5% |
| California | 13,699,816.0 | 94.3% | 79.1% | 11.2% | 8.2% | 5.7% |
| Colorado | 2,428,261.0 | 94.6% | 80.7% | 9.3% | 7.4% | 5.4% |
| Connecticut | 1,442,969.0 | 92.8% | 79.7% | 11.0% | 3.4% | 7.2% |
| Delaware | 412,048.0 | 92.8% | 79.2% | 10.5% | 4.7% | 7.2% |
| District of Columbia | 334,673.0 | 92.1% | 79.7% | 10.9% | 3.8% | 7.9% |
| Florida | 8,966,402.0 | 93.0% | 78.0% | 11.4% | 6.0% | 7.0% |
| Georgia | 4,150,138.0 | 92.5% | 77.3% | 11.0% | 6.7% | 7.5% |
| Hawaii | 493,898.0 | 92.7% | 80.0% | 10.4% | 5.2% | 7.3% |
| Idaho | 733,244.0 | 92.9% | 73.1% | 10.8% | 11.5% | 7.1% |
| Illinois | 5,071,288.0 | 91.8% | 74.4% | 13.0% | 6.8% | 8.2% |
| Indiana | 2,754,881.0 | 90.9% | 72.1% | 13.9% | 6.8% | 9.1% |
| Iowa | 1,337,243.0 | 90.2% | 72.4% | 12.5% | 7.3% | 9.8% |
| Kansas | 1,188,340.0 | 91.7% | 74.9% | 12.0% | 6.6% | 8.3% |
| Kentucky | 1,853,603.0 | 90.2% | 72.9% | 13.0% | 6.4% | 9.8% |
| Louisiana | 1,833,915.0 | 88.1% | 68.2% | 15.3% | 7.7% | 11.9% |
| Maine | 616,085.0 | 92.0% | 77.1% | 10.1% | 5.5% | 8.0% |
| Maryland | 2,384,715.0 | 93.0% | 79.2% | 10.7% | 4.8% | 7.0% |
| Massachusetts | 2,800,984.0 | 93.9% | 81.9% | 10.5% | 3.2% | 6.1% |
| Michigan | 4,107,809.0 | 91.7% | 73.6% | 13.5% | 6.1% | 8.3% |
| Minnesota | 2,344,432.0 | 92.4% | 77.0% | 10.8% | 6.1% | 7.6% |
| Mississippi | 1,166,617.0 | 86.6% | 65.4% | 15.9% | 8.9% | 13.4% |
| Missouri | 2,556,271.0 | 90.9% | 72.0% | 13.1% | 8.0% | 9.1% |
| Montana | 472,867.0 | 91.2% | 69.8% | 12.0% | 11.0% | 8.8% |
| Nebraska | 813,864.0 | 92.2% | 75.4% | 11.8% | 7.2% | 7.8% |
| Nevada | 1,224,685.0 | 94.1% | 76.9% | 13.0% | 8.2% | 5.9% |
| New Hampshire | 569,493.0 | 94.1% | 82.9% | 8.9% | 3.6% | 5.9% |
| New Jersey | 3,538,457.0 | 94.1% | 80.6% | 11.6% | 4.0% | 5.9% |
| New Mexico | 856,580.0 | 88.8% | 69.9% | 12.9% | 9.5% | 11.2% |
| New York | 7,809,267.0 | 92.1% | 77.3% | 12.6% | 4.3% | 7.9% |
| North Carolina | 4,392,669.0 | 91.7% | 77.1% | 10.9% | 6.2% | 8.3% |
| North Dakota | 338,059.0 | 89.1% | 76.9% | 9.7% | 4.8% | 10.9% |
| Ohio | 4,917,309.0 | 91.3% | 76.4% | 11.0% | 5.5% | 8.7% |
| Oklahoma | 1,589,105.0 | 90.3% | 69.0% | 15.4% | 8.0% | 9.7% |
| Oregon | 1,752,050.0 | 93.4% | 77.6% | 10.7% | 6.9% | 6.6% |
| Pennsylvania | 5,324,209.0 | 91.2% | 76.2% | 11.9% | 4.6% | 8.8% |
| Rhode Island | 443,980.0 | 92.9% | 78.4% | 12.7% | 3.2% | 7.1% |
| South Carolina | 2,177,733.0 | 91.0% | 74.4% | 13.0% | 6.5% | 9.0% |
| South Dakota | 378,559.0 | 91.9% | 77.5% | 10.5% | 6.1% | 8.1% |
| Tennessee | 2,889,226.0 | 91.1% | 75.3% | 12.0% | 6.1% | 8.9% |
| Texas | 11,260,645.0 | 92.6% | 75.3% | 12.6% | 8.2% | 7.4% |
| Utah | 1,167,591.0 | 94.2% | 81.2% | 8.8% | 7.2% | 5.8% |
| Vermont | 279,612.0 | 92.3% | 77.7% | 8.5% | 6.7% | 7.7% |
| Virginia | 3,402,670.0 | 92.2% | 76.7% | 11.5% | 6.9% | 7.8% |
| Washington | 3,101,265.0 | 94.3% | 79.8% | 10.2% | 6.4% | 5.7% |
| West Virginia | 743,644.0 | 87.1% | 69.4% | 12.5% | 6.8% | 12.9% |
| Wisconsin | 2,495,539.0 | 91.8% | 75.1% | 11.3% | 6.7% | 8.2% |
| Wyoming | 247,368.0 | 90.8% | 69.6% | 11.9% | 11.3% | 9.2% |
How to read this table
Columns overlap: a household can have both a wired line and a phone plan, so the shares don't add up to 100%. "Any internet subscription" plus "No internet subscription" does. All figures are survey estimates with a margin of error, and small differences between neighbouring states aren't meaningful.
Source and method
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 1-year estimates, table S2801 (types of computers and internet subscriptions), state level. We didn't adjust the numbers. We will refresh this page when the Census Bureau publishes the next 1-year release.
What this means for your own address
A state average tells you little about one street. Connection types available differ block by block, so check each type at your address. The rural internet guide and the connection types guide explain the options in plain language.
Common questions
Where does this data come from?
The U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2023 1-year estimates, table S2801. It counts households by the type of internet subscription they report.
Does a high share of households online mean good service everywhere in the state?
No. A state average hides big differences between cities and rural areas. Check the connection types available at your own address.
Why do the columns not add up to 100%?
A household can report more than one type, such as a wired line and a phone plan. Only "any internet subscription" and "no internet subscription" add up to 100%.